Effects of ultrafiltration combined with high-pressure processing,ultrasound and heat treatments on the quality of a blueberry–grape–pineapple–cantaloupe juice blend

This study investigated the effect of ultrafiltration (UF) combined with high-pressure processing (HPP) at 550 MPa, 25 °C for 5 min, ultrasound (US) at 520 W, 40 °C for 10 min and heat treatment (HT) at 90 °C for 3 min on the microbial, physicochemical and sensory properties of a blueberry–grape–pineapple–cantaloupe juice blend during 104 days of storage at 4 °C. After UF, the shelf life of the HPP- and US-treated clear juice blends were 104 and 72 days during the storage at 4 °C respectively. HPP, US and HT treatment minimally affected the anthocyanin and total phenol contents, while HPP better maintained the ascorbic acid levels and sensory properties in the clear juice blend during the storage. Therefore, HPP combined with UF was identified as a prospective processing technique in the fruit juice industry.     

Synergistic effect of high-intensity ultrasound and β-cyclodextrin treatments on browning control in apple juice

This work evaluated the synergistic effects of combined high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) treatments on inhibiting browning of apple juice and explored the mechanism through simulation system. The combined treatment of 300 W HIU with 0.006 g mL⁻¹ β-CD had a synergistic impact on maintaining juice colour, resulting in a 39.06% reduction in browning degree, only a 36.64% decrease in total phenolic content, and a 17.82% reduction in PPO activity. The inhibition of enzymatic browning in simulated system revealed that HIU suppressed the enzyme (Polyphenol oxidase, PPO) and β-CD inhibited enzyme (PPO) and embedded substrate (polyphenol). The results of spectroscopic analysis showed that the particle-size distribution of PPO narrowed, the content of α-helix in the secondary structure increased, the fluorescence intensity increased, and the maximum wavelength was red-shifted after HIU and β-CD treatment. Changes in structure could further result in PPO activity loss. Hence, the combined treatment could synthetically alleviate the browning of apple juice.     

低温贮藏对“翠香”猕猴桃冷害和品质的影响

研究以"翠香"猕猴桃为试材,比较两种温度(0±0.5℃和2±0.5℃)下,贮藏果实的冷害发生情况及品质差异,同时关注果实贮藏期间果实苦味的产生,以期找出果实苦味产生的原因。结果表明,0±0.5℃贮藏时,果实硬度保持较好,果实呼吸强度下降,有冷害和褐变发生,并伴有果实发苦现象;而2±0.5℃贮藏的果实未见冷害和褐变发生,色度得以保持,多酚氧化酶(PPO)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性下降,极显著延缓了细胞膜透性的升高,此外,果实可溶性固形物和维生素C的含量也显著提高,果实没有出现苦味。试验中发现"翠香"猕猴桃苦味现象和冷害伴随产生,并随着冷害发展加重,推测"翠香"果实的苦味可能是由冷害造成的。     

Development of New Product: Rambutan Pulpy Juice

This study aimed to know the effect of adding pulp in rambutan fruit juice on the characteristics of rambutan juice during storage. Research using the CRD, the treatment were kind of pulp (mandarin and rambutan) and pulp concentration (5%, 7.5%, and 10%). The results showed that the addition of pulp significantly affect the characteristics of rambutan juice (pH, vitamin C, total acid) during storage. Pulpy juice with the most prefered was addition of rambutan pulp as much as 7.5% (w/v) and the addition of citrus pulp as much as 7.5% (w/v) with the score of 3-4 (moderate like - like).     

Angiotensin I‐converting enzyme inhibitory and Ca‐binding activities of peptides prepared from tuna cooking juice and spleen proteases

Tuna cooking juice is a by‐product from the tuna canning industry. In this study, tuna cooking juice was hydrolysed by proteases extracted from the spleen. Tuna cooking juice showed the highest ACE inhibitory and Ca‐binding activities after hydrolysis for 270 and 180 min, respectively. The hydrolysate was further fractionated by ultrafiltration. The permeate exhibited highest ACE inhibitory and Ca‐binding activities when passed through 1 and 5 kDa cut‐off membranes, respectively. Gel filtration chromatography was used to determine the MW of bioactive peptides that exhibited highest ACE inhibitory and Ca‐binding activities. Those peptides that exhibited highest ACE inhibitory and Ca‐binding activities were the MW range of 238–829 Da and 1355–1880 Da, respectively. These results suggest that the tuna cooking juice and the spleen protease extract are a potential source of bioactive peptides that can be utilised as bioactive ingredients in functional food and nutraceuticals.     

Development of fermented Hericium erinaceus juice with high content of L‐glutamine and L‐glutamic acid

Fermented plant beverages (FPB) with a high content of desirable principle components are served as functional foods from several years. Hericium erinaceus is famous for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihypertensive and antidiabetic nature. Accordingly, the current study was aimed to produce fermented H. erinaceus juice with a high content of L‐glutamine (Gln) and L‐glutamic acid (GA) through lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fermented Thai foods. LAB isolates were screened and identified the potent protease‐producing bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (G414/1) that facilitate the production of Gln and GA through protein hydrolysis. Box–Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were adapted for the optimisation of conditions for the increased production of Gln and GA during fermentation of H. erinaceus. We succeeded with an optimum concentration of cofactor (CaCl₂), pH and temperature for improved protease activity and subsequent Gln and GA production. The ability of isolated E. faecalis strain to produce Gln and GA was demonstrated in this study. Further, upstream processes like strain improvement and media optimisation will direct the way to produce enriched H. erinaceus based FPB.     

榨汁机的结构设计和分析

随着经济的不断发展,国民也越来越注重食品的品质和安全。目前中小食品企业在国内得到越来越多的关注和重视。榨汁机被广泛应用在食品行业,发挥着巨大的作用。汁液获取的三种方法包括机械榨取、理化获取、酶法提取。理化和酶法在使用过程中因会产生物理化学反应,导致其他副作用从而在使用上有极大局限性,机械榨汁由于其无副作用而被企业广泛应用在蔬菜、水果上。基于此,研究了螺旋式连续榨汁机,其核心思想是以压缩体积为基础的一种机械榨取机。首先介绍了榨汁机的设计思路;其次介绍了工作原理;最后展示了榨汁机的机械组成。与传统的榨汁机相比,该方法设计的榨汁机是通过变螺距变径螺杆,从而充分地挤出新鲜果汁,具有十分重要的实际研究意义。     

离子色谱同时测定果汁中22种糖、糖醇和醇

目的建立积分安培-离子色谱法同时测果汁中22种糖、糖醇和醇定的方法。方法在流速为0.40 mL/min, pH值在6.5～8.6,柱温为30℃条件下,在CarboPacTM MA1(4 mm×250 mm)色谱柱中进行分离。结果 22种组分在测定浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系(r~20.999);除了甲醇外,其他21种组分检出限在0.006～0.203 mg/L之间;在0.50、1.00、5.00 mg/L 3个添加浓度水平下,回收率为75.83%～105.89%,相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.03%～10.39%范围内。结论该方法简便、快速、准确、灵敏,完全适于果汁中22种糖、糖醇和醇的分析测定。